Once Undocumented, Alumna Now Supports Others Like Her

Once Undocumented, Alumna Now Supports Others Like Her

By Brian Hiro

A 2011 graduate of CSUSM, Carolina Valdivia is now a professor at UC Irvine and one of nation's foremost young voices on the plight of undocumented students in America. Photo by Andrew Reed

When another car ran a red light and slammed into her side door, Carolina Valdivia feared that more than her vehicle would be destroyed.

Valdivia was in her second year at Cal State San Marcos, and she was thriving both in and out of the classroom. But she was also an undocumented student whose academic career was a fragile thing, always at risk of being thrown off course by seemingly endless dangers and challenges.

It wasn't built to withstand incidents like the crash Valdivia was the victim of while driving to campus in 2009. She was unconscious for a short period, and when she came to, the police were on the scene, tending to her and asking for her driver's license. One problem: Because of her undocumented status, she didn't have a driver's license.

Officers asked if she wanted to be taken to a hospital. No, she said. She didn't have health insurance, and the prospect of the emergency room fees was terrifying.

Valdivia came away from the accident with a fine for driving without a license, a hefty bill for recovering her car from the impound lot - and a belief that she had reached the end of the road in her quest to graduate from college.

"It was a reminder of how vulnerable I was in my pursuit of an education," Valdivia said. "At the time, I was struggling to pay for school in the first place. When that crash happened, I was like, 'I guess this is as far along as I can go.' "

In the end, Valdivia greatly underestimated her individual fortitude, the support of her family and the kindness of the community. After receiving a scholarship from a couple she calls her guardian angels, she graduated from CSUSM with a degree in sociology in 2011.

But she didn't stop there. She went on to earn a master's from San Diego State and a Ph.D. from Harvard University, then received a UC President's Postdoctoral Fellowship. She's now a professor at UC Irvine, where she teaches courses on immigration, and law and society, and also mentors undergraduate and graduate students through the qualitative research process.

Though she has gained more security in her immigration status, Valdivia remains passionate about issues affecting undocumented immigrants. At 35, she has emerged as one of the nation's foremost young voices on the plight of undocumented students in America, determined to prevent future Carolinas from being waylaid before they have a chance to succeed - as she very nearly was.

"She has a pretty deep moral compass in terms of what's right and what's just," said Marisol Clark-Ibáñez, the associate chair of CSUSM's sociology department and one of Valdivia's mentors during her time at the university. "And what she does isn't just for herself - it's for her larger community. She's very invested in the idea of the collective."

Valdivia has the collective in mind with every scholarly pursuit. She's writing a book that examines how immigration enforcement impacts young adults and their families. She's continuing to oversee the My Undocumented Life online platform, which she launched in 2011 and features up-to-date information and resources for undocumented students, their families and allies.

As if that weren't enough, Valdivia also led - with Clark-Ibáñez - a two-year research initiative that explored the experiences and needs of undocumented high school students in the county and the school personnel who work with them. Building on work that Valdivia did with Clark-Ibáñez when she was a student at CSUSM, the UndocuResearch Project - billed as by, for and about undocumented students - involves a team of about 35 researchers who have fanned out to dozens of high schools in the region to talk to students and educators about what it's like to attend school during this era of stronger enforcement and anti-immigrant sentiment.

The third and final phase of the project was an independent study sociology course that Valdivia taught with Clark-Ibáñez at CSUSM in which students were embedded in local high schools and took detailed field notes about the daily lives of undocumented students and educators. The team is continuing to disseminate the results through a research report, academic articles and presentations.

Carolina Valdivia (left) is pictured with sociology professor Marisol Clark-Ibáñez, her mentor during her time as a CSUSM student. Photo by Andrew Reed

"We knew from our own connection with students and their families that they were experiencing heightened levels of fear and stress and depression," said Valdivia, adding that only a small percentage of undocumented students is able to enroll in college. "We wanted to be able to capture it so we could then tell the story of what's happening and what needs to be done."

Born in Mexicali, Valdivia migrated to the United States with her family when she was 12. She was a Dreamer, the term for undocumented immigrants who were brought to America as children. That designation deeply shaped her educational trajectory, including her time at Orange Glen High School in Escondido. She was motivated to follow in her sister's footsteps and pursue a college education, and to repay her parents for the endless sacrifices they had made.

She applied to several universities in the state and liked the idea of following some of her friends to a school in Northern California, so she could escape her Escondido bubble. Her ineligibility for financial aid wasn't the only hurdle, however, nor was her lack of a driver's license. There was also the matter of Border Patrol checkpoints and the ever-present fear of deportation.

Even to people who she knew and trusted, Valdivia didn't exactly advertise her immigration status.

"I remember feeling like there was this cloud hanging over her," said Rita Guerra, who was a counselor at Orange Glen at the time. "It's not that she was giving up, but it seemed that there was something worrying her and she didn't want to talk about it."

Valdivia found her voice at CSUSM. She joined and later became president of an organization for undocumented students, the name of which the group later changed to STAND (Standing Together As oNe Dream) to sound more assertive. She became an intern for the National Latino Research Center, which fostered a fondness for research and activism that has only blossomed over the years.

"I love learning. I love reading. I love writing," Valdivia said. "In college, that's when it hit me, and I was able to nurture it. My time at CSUSM provided the starting point for what I'm doing now."

Clark-Ibáñez encouraged Valdivia to carry her education into graduate school - "I had no idea what that was," she said - but she remained undocumented, which meant barriers still blocked her path. To afford the exorbitant fees for grad school applications, she and a friend organized fundraisers, selling anything they could think of - T-shirts, bracelets, tamales. She was accepted to and wanted to attend Loyola University in Chicago, but she couldn't afford the cost of out-of-state tuition. She also feared being questioned at the airport about her immigration status.

Valdivia ended up at SDSU due to the proximity to home. In retrospect, she's glad she did, as that's where she gained invaluable research and teaching experience. By the time she was looking into options for her doctorate, she had acquired protections under the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which allowed her to obtain a driver's license and work permit. She chose Harvard because of the presence of Roberto Gonzales, a leading immigration scholar who was Valdivia's internship adviser after she was named a Sally Casanova Scholar through the California Pre-Doctoral Program for underrepresented students.

With a Ph.D. from an Ivy League university in hand and a career as a professor, Valdivia is now in demand as a public speaker, telling the inspiring story of her educational journey. Guerra saw her give a keynote address at a counselors' conference several years ago and was reduced to tears by pride for her former student.

Despite all she has overcome and accomplished, Valdivia has no desire to sit back and take a breath. But her relentless drive takes a toll. In the course of dozens of interviews for her book and related projects, she has heard countless stories about people being detained and deported, causing her greater stress and costing her sleep.

It reminds her of how far she has come. It reminds her of how far so many others still have to go.

"Whenever I speak about what I went through, I'm always sure to emphasize how much support I had from my family, friends, mentors and the broader community, and how much I want to be able to help others in that sense," she said. "Yes, I worked hard and had determination, but this is something millions of others are experiencing and they also need to have a community there to support them. I want to be part of that community."

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