The Congressional Gold Medal and the 369th Infantry Regiment’s Harlem Hellfighters

The 369th Infantry Regiment, famously known as the Harlem Hellfighters, has a significant place in American military history. Comprised mainly of African American soldiers, the regiment faced racial barriers and showed remarkable bravery and resilience in tough times. Their story is about their determination and unwavering pursuit of equality despite facing discrimination.

Established in 1913, the Harlem Hellfighters was originally a National Guard unit based in Harlem, New York. When the United States joined World War I in 1917, the regiment was among the first to be sent to Europe, where it made history. Despite facing prejudice and segregation, the soldiers embraced their mission with purpose.

One notable aspect of their service was their attachment to the French Army. Due to the racial climate in the U.S. military, the regiment fought under French command, which was a turning point as the French recognized and respected the soldiers' combat abilities. The regiment spent an unprecedented 191 days on the front lines, longer than any other American unit, and never lost ground or a man through capture. Their courage was exemplified in the Battle of Meuse-Argonne, a pivotal moment in the war's final months. Despite enduring intense enemy fire and hazardous conditions, the soldiers displayed heroism, earning them a reputation as formidable fighters. Their bravery earned them several accolades, including the French Croix de Guerre, one of the highest military honors in France.

Upon their return to the United States, the Harlem Hellfighters received a hero's welcome, yet they continued to face the harsh reality of injustice. Nonetheless, the regiment's service in World War I marked a significant milestone in fighting for civil rights and equality. Their actions paved the way for future generations of African American soldiers and contributed to the eventual desegregation of the U.S. military. The 369th Infantry Regiment will forever be remembered as pioneers of change and defenders of liberty.

The Harlem Hellfighters Congressional Gold Medal Act was signed into law by President Joe Biden and awarded on August 25, 2021. The regiment's fearlessness and achievements during the war significantly impacted American history and culture, making them worthy recipients of this esteemed award.