UNICRI - United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute
UNICRI - United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute
07/25/2024 | Press release | Distributed by Public on 07/25/2024 06:51
NEW! Analysis of Lone Attacks as a Challenge for Preventing Violent Extremism from a Comparative Perspective
Types of Lone Attackers and Their Radicalization Processes in Japan, and Recommendations for Prevention Measures
This new report from the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI), written by Professor Yoshikazu Hamaguchi and Dr. Mana Yamamoto, provides a comprehensive overview of the phenomenon of lone attackers-a critical issue in the landscape of global security, with a particular focus on recent developments in Japan, a nation known for its low crime rates. Despite this, the assassination of former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on July 8, 2022, by a lone attacker using a homemade firearm, has underscored the persistent vulnerability to such acts of violence. This event marks a significant point of concern, reflecting a broader global trend of lone attackers who, without direct affiliation to extremist groups or clear ideological motivations, manage to carry out high-impact violent acts.
In the words of Leif Villadsen, Acting Director of UNICRI: "Beyond the loss of lives, injuries, and the destruction of infrastructure, terrorism and violent extremism threaten democracy, adversely affect the stability of governments, and retard economic development. Such incidents are difficult to forecast and avert due to their pervasive and unpredictable nature. One of UNICRI's strategic priorities is to assist Member States in better understanding emerging and evolving threats, and to support them in preventing and countering violent extremism and radicalization. In recent years, due to increasing incidents, concerns about lone attacks have grown among terrorism experts as well as global intelligence and security leaders."
UNICRI in collaboration with the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders (UNAFEI), has embarked on an in-depth study to analyze these incidents in Japan. The goal is to understand the radicalization processes of lone attackers and develop effective preventive measures that can be replicated across other nations with similar socio-economic profiles and challenges.
Our research has identified several key aspects of lone attackers. These individuals often utilize the internet to self-radicalize, accessing a vast array of extremist content, including detailed guides on weapon making and operational tactics. This easy access to harmful information has undeniably facilitated the rise in lone attacks, making it crucial for preventive strategies to address online radicalization dynamics.
Moreover, the report discusses the challenges in detecting and intercepting potential lone attackers due to their isolated nature and the often spontaneous execution of their plans. The study highlights the need for enhanced surveillance and monitoring tools that respect privacy and civil liberties but are effective enough to detect early warning signs of radicalization.
Based on our findings, we propose several recommendations for prevention, including:
- Enhanced online monitoring: Implementing advanced cyber-monitoring tools to identify and intervene in potential radicalization processes online.
- Community engagement programmes: Strengthening community ties and creating outreach programs that can offer support and diversion for individuals at risk of radicalization.
- Law enforcement training: Equipping law enforcement agencies with the necessary skills and knowledge to recognize and react to early indicators of lone attacker radicalization.
This report underscores the importance of a combined effort between nations, policymakers, security agencies, and community leaders to share knowledge and refine strategies to prevent the severe threat posed by lone attackers. The collaborative research and subsequent recommendations aim not only to address the immediate concerns but also to foster a long-term commitment to combatting violent extremism in all its forms.