to its agencies or instrumentalities where it was not obligated to do so which can cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The risks of investing in mortgage-backed securities include, among others, interest rate risk, credit risk, prepayment risk and extension risk. Transactions in mortgage pass-through securities often occur through TBA transactions. The fund could lose money or underperform if a TBA counterparty defaults or goes bankrupt.
Interest Rate Risk. Interest rates rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund's yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low, the fund's yield (and total return) also may be low. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund's share price: a rise in interest rates generally causes the fund's share price to fall. The longer the fund's portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. Also, a change in a central bank's monetary policy or economic conditions, among other things, may result in a change in interest rates, which could have sudden and unpredictable effects on the markets and significantly impact the value of fixed-income securities in which the fund invests. A sudden or unpredictable rise in interest rates may cause volatility and the value of fixed-income securities to decline.
Credit Risk. A decline in the credit quality of an issuer, guarantor or liquidity provider of a portfolio investment or a counterparty could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if, due to a decline in credit quality, the issuer, guarantor or liquidity provider of a portfolio investment or a counterparty fails to make, or is perceived as being unable or unwilling to make, timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations.
Prepayment and Extension Risk. Certain fixed-income securities are subject to the risk that the securities may be paid off earlier or later than expected, especially during periods of falling or rising interest rates, respectively. Prepayments of obligations could cause the fund to forgo future interest income on the portion of the security's principal repaid early and force the fund to reinvest that money at the lower prevailing interest rates. Extensions of obligations could cause the fund to exhibit additional volatility and hold securities paying lower-than-market rates of interest. Either case could hurt the fund's performance.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk. The fund may not fully replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the investment adviser's investment management strategy, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. Because the fund utilizes a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as well as it would if the fund purchased all of the securities in the index.
Tracking Error and Correlation Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. Further, there can be no guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of correlation between the fund's performance and that of its index. The correlation between the
performance of the fund and that of its index, positive or negative, is called "tracking error." Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. The fund may engage in frequent trading of its portfolio securities in connection with its tracking of the index or in response to market conditions. A higher portfolio turnover rate may result in increased transaction costs, which may lower the fund's performance. A higher portfolio turnover rate can also result in an increase in taxable capital gains distributions to the fund's shareholders.
Derivatives Risk. The fund's use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. The fund's use of derivatives could reduce the fund's performance, increase its volatility and cause the fund to lose more than the initial amount invested. In addition, investments in derivatives may involve leverage, which means a small percentage of assets invested in derivatives can have a disproportionately large impact on the fund.
Liquidity Risk. The fund may be unable to sell certain securities, such as illiquid securities, readily at a favorable time or price, or the fund may have to sell them at a loss.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent.
Concentration Risk. To the extent that the fund's or the index's portfolio is concentrated in the securities of issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the performance of those securities, may be subject to increased price volatility and may be more vulnerable to adverse economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund's net asset value (NAV), there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. An investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The market price of fund shares may deviate, sometimes significantly, from NAV during periods of market volatility or market disruption.
For more information on the risks of investing in the fund, please see the "Fund Details" section in the prospectus.