Quarterly Report for Quarter Ending March 31, 2024 (Form 10-Q)

wrap20240331_10q.htm

WRAP TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

INDEX

	Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements:	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023 (audited)	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	4
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements (unaudited)	5
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	27
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	28
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	29
Item 5.	Other Information	29
Item 6.	Exhibits	29
SIGNATURES	30

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Wrap Technologies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except par value and share amounts)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Wrap Technologies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Wrap Technologies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(in thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

Wrap Technologies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

Wrap Technologies, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

(in thousands, except per share and share amounts)

(unaudited)

1.ORGANIZATION, SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Organization and Business Description

Wrap Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company", "we", "us", and "our"), is a publicly traded company with its Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share ("Common Stock"), listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market ("Nasdaq") under the trading symbol "WRAP". The Company is a developer and supplier of public safety products and training services for law enforcement and security personnel. The Company's primary product is the BolaWrap® remote restraint device. The principal markets for the Company's proprietary products and services are in North and South America, Europe, Middle East and Asia.

Basis of Presentation

The Company's unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In management's opinion, the accompanying financial statements reflect adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for those periods indicated, and contain adequate disclosure to make the information presented not misleading. Adjustments included herein are of a normal, recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed in the footnotes. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the "Annual Report"), as filed with the SEC on August 28, 2024. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023, contained in the Annual Report. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year.

Where necessary, the prior year's information has been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Principles of Consolidation

The Company has twowholly owned subsidiaries, Wrap Reality, Inc., an Arizona corporation, formed in December 2020 that sells a virtual reality ("VR") training system primarily targeting law enforcement agencies and Intrensic, LLC ("Intrensic"), which the Company acquired in August 2023, which specializes in Body Worn Camera and Digital Evidence Management solutions. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of these subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany transactions and accounts.

Segment and Related Information

The Company operates as a single segment. The Company's chief operating decision maker is Scot Cohen, the Company's Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, who manages operations for purposes of allocating resources. Refer to Note 15. Major Customers and Related Information for further discussion.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair values of the underlying net assets and liabilities assumed from an acquired business. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested for impairment. The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if conditions indicate that such impairment could exist. The Company evaluates qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value and whether it is necessary to perform goodwill impairment process.

Definite-lived Intangible Assets

Definite-lived intangible assets represent certain trade names, patents, licenses, software, acquired technology and customer relationships. Definite-lived intangible assets are recorded at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Definite-lived intangible assets acquired through the business combination are measured at fair value at the acquisition date. The Company amortizes these acquired definite-lived intangibles assets with a finite life on a straight-line basis, over 6 years for technology; 7 years for customer relationships; and 8 years for trademarks and trade names.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions (e.g., stock-based compensation valuation, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventory and intangible assets, warranty reserve, accrued expense, valuation of warrants, and recognition and measurement of contingencies) that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and affect the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants as liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant's specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity ("ASC 480") and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company's own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require "net cash settlement" in a circumstance outside of the Company's control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.

For issued warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. The Company accounts for the warrants issued in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40-15-7C, under which the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjusts the warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company's condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Series A Preferred Stock

The Company evaluates and accounts for conversion options embedded in its convertible instruments in accordance with ASC 480 and ASC 815 to determine if those instruments or embedded components of those instruments qualify as derivatives and are subject to bifurcation accounting. The Company determines that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract. The convertible instruments are accounted for as a single hybrid instrument. Additionally, the convertible instruments do not have any redemption features that would preclude permanent equity classification in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 480-10-S99.

The Company issued the Series A Warrants (as defined herein), which are classified as liabilities and measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and Series A Preferred Stock (as defined herein) in one transaction. The issuance proceeds were allocated by using the with-and-without method. Under this method, The Company first allocated the issuance proceeds to the Series A Warrants based on their initial fair value measurement, and then allocated the remaining proceeds to the Series A Preferred Stock.

Revenue Recognition

The Company adopted ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers on January 1, 2018. The Company enters into contracts that include various combinations of products, accessories, software and services, each of which are generally distinct and are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Product sales include BolaWrap products and accessories. Other revenue includes VR revenues, service, training and shipping revenues.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. The Company generally has an unconditional right to consideration when customers are invoiced, and a receivable is recorded. A contract asset is recognized when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing, or a contract liability (deferred revenue) when revenue will be recognized subsequent to invoicing. The Company recognizes an asset if there are incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer such as commissions. These costs are ascribed to or allocated to the underlying performance obligations in the contract. The Company may receive consideration, per terms of a contract, from customers prior to transferring goods to the customer. The Company records customer deposits as a contract liability. Additionally, the Company may receive payments, most typically for service and warranty contracts, at the onset of the contract and before the services have been performed. In such instances, a deferred revenue liability is recorded. The Company recognizes these contract liabilities as revenue after all revenue recognition criteria are met.

Estimated costs for the Company's standard warranty, generally one-year, are charged to cost of products sold when revenue is recorded for the related product. Royalties are also charged to cost of products sold.

Loss per Share

Basic loss per share (EPS) is computed by dividing net loss, less any dividends, accretion or decretion, redemption or induced conversion, if any, on our Series A Preferred Stock, by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the reported period.

In computing diluted EPS, we adjust the numerator used in the basic EPS computation, subject to anti-dilution requirements, to add back the dividends (declared or cumulative undeclared) applicable to the Series A Preferred Stock. Such add-back would also include any adjustments to equity in the period to accrete the Series A Preferred Stock to its redemption price, or recorded upon a redemption or induced conversion, if any. We adjust the denominator used in the basic EPS computation, subject to anti-dilution requirements, to include the dilution from potential shares resulting from the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, restricted stock units, and stock options. Stock options and restricted stock units exercisable or issuable for a total of 5,476,219 and 5,127,830 shares of Common Stock were outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These securities are not included in the computation of diluted net loss per common share for the periods presented as their inclusion would be antidilutive due to losses incurred by the Company.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07), which requires an enhanced disclosure of significant segment expenses on an annual and interim basis. This guidance will be effective for the annual periods beginning the year ended December 31, 2024, and for interim periods beginning January 1, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the guidance should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating segment disclosures related to its annual report for fiscal year 2024.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. This guidance will be effective for the annual periods beginning the year ended December 31, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the guidance can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating income tax disclosures related to its annual report for fiscal year 2025.

2.REVENUE AND PRODUCT COSTS

Revenue consists of product revenue and other revenue. Product sales include BolaWrap products and accessories. Other revenue includes VR revenue, service, training and shipping revenue.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. The Company generally has an unconditional right to consideration when customers are invoiced, and a receivable is recorded. A contract asset is recognized when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing, or a contract liability (deferred revenue) when revenue will be recognized subsequent to invoicing. The Company recognizes an asset if there are incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer such as commissions. These costs are ascribed to or allocated to the underlying performance obligations in the contract. The Company may receive consideration, per terms of a contract, from customers prior to transferring goods to the customer. The Company records customer deposits as a contract liability. Additionally, the Company may receive payments, most typically for service and warranty contracts, at the onset of the contract and before the services have been performed. In such instances, a deferred revenue liability is recorded. The Company recognizes these contract liabilities as revenue after all revenue recognition criteria are met. The table below details the activity in our contract liabilities during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

		Customer			Deferred
		Deposits			Revenue
Balance at January 1, 2024		$	1,002			$	544
Additions, net			20				124
Transfer to revenue			(1,002	)			(177	)
Balance at March 31, 2024		$	20			$	491
Current portion		$	20			$	363
Long-term portion		$	-			$	128

As of March 31, 2024, the Company's deferred revenue of $491 consisted of $153 related to VR, $212 related to Intrensic, $7 related to training and $119 related to BolaWrap extended warranties and services.

Estimated costs for the Company's standard warranty, generally one-year, are charged to cost of products sold when revenue is recorded for the related product. Royalties are also charged to the cost of products sold.

3.FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis or disclosed at fair value, are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with inputs used to measure their fair values. The accounting guidance for fair value provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures about how fair value is determined. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The accounting guidance also establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value based upon whether such inputs are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions made by the reporting entity. The three-level hierarchy for the inputs to valuation techniques is briefly summarized as follows:

Level 1-Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date;

Level 2-Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities; and

Level 3-Unobservable inputs that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities that are supported by little or no market data.

The Company's short-term investments consisting of U.S. Treasury bill securities and Certificate of Deposits are classified as Level 1 because they are valued using quoted market prices.

The following table shows the Company's short-term investments by significant investment category as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

		As of March 31, 2024
		Adjusted			Unrealized			Unrealized			Market
		Cost			Gains			Losses			Value
Level 1:
Money Market Funds		$	2,219				-			$	-			$	2,219
Certificate of Deposits			5,000				-				-				5,000
Total Financial Assets		$	7,219			$	-			$	-			$	7,219

		As of December 31, 2023
		Adjusted			Unrealized			Unrealized			Market
		Cost			Gains			Losses			Value
Level 1:
Money Market Funds			1,793				-				-				1,793
Certificate of Deposits			7,500				-				-				7,500
Total Financial Assets		$	9,293			$	-			$	-			$	9,293

Unrealized gains or losses resulting from our short-term investments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss as they are classified as available for sale. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 as well as the three months ended March 31, 2023, nogain (loss) was recorded to comprehensive loss, respectively.

The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The subsequent measurement of the warrant liabilities as of March 31, 2024, is classified as Level 3 due to the use of an observable market quote in a non-active market and the management's assumption of the expected stock price volatility.

The following table presents the fair value in the beginning of the period, the changes in the fair value, and the fair value at the end of the period of warrant liabilities:

Level 3:		March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Fair value at inception or the beginning of the period		$	(19,703	)		$	(7,717	)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities			4,179				(11,986	)
Fair value as of March 31, 2024		$	(15,524	)		$	(19,703	)

The Company uses the modified Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of warrant liabilities. The following table summarizes the assumptions used to compute the fair value of the Company's warrants:

		As of March 31, 2024			As of December 31, 2023
Expected stock price volatility			271	%			143	%
Risk-free interest rate			4.28	%			3.85	%
Dividends yield			0	%			0	%
Expected life of warrants (years)			4.25				4.50
Exercise price		$	1.45			$	1.45

Our other financial instruments also include accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and customer deposits. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, their fair values approximate their carrying values on the balance sheet.

4.INVENTORIES

Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost of substantially all the Company's inventory is determined by the FIFO cost method. Inventories consisted of the following:

		March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Finished goods		$	4,084			$	3,521
Raw materials			2,759				2,738
Reserve for Obsolescence			(477	)			(465	)
Inventories - net		$	6,366			$	5,794

5.PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment consisted of the following:

		March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Production and lab equipment		$	542			$	542
Tooling			572				562
Computer equipment			620				615
Furniture, fixtures and improvements			196				196
		$	1,930			$	1,915
Accumulated depreciation			(1,522	)			(1,406	)
Property and equipment, net		$	408			$	509

Depreciation expense was $116 and $118 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

6.INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following:

		March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Amortizable intangible assets:
Patents		$	931			$	873
Trademarks			256				248
Purchased software and technology			1,752				1,752
Customer Relationships			160				160
		$	3,099			$	3,033
Accumulated amortization			(912	)			(806	)
Total amortizable		$	2,187			$	2,227
Indefinite life assets (non-amortizable)			421				421
Total intangible assets, net		$	2,608			$	2,648

Amortization expense was $107 and $82 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As of March 31, 2024, future amortization expense is as follows:

2024 (9 months)		$	320
2025			422
2026			335
2027			185
2028			185
Thereafter			740
Total estimated amortization expense		$	2,187

Goodwill

There has been nochange to the value of goodwill from December 31, 2023 through the period ended March 31, 2024.

7.ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

We are obligated to pay royalties pursuant to an exclusive Amended and Restated Intellectual Property License Agreement (the "License Agreement"), dated as of September 30, 2016, with Syzygy Licensing, LLC ("Syzygy"), a private technology invention, consulting and licensing company owned and controlled by Elwood G. Norris, a founder and former officer and current 5% stockholder of the Company, and James A. Barnes, a former officer and stockholder of the Company (see Note 13). Accounts payable includes $61 and $14 due to Syzygy as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Accrued liabilities consist of the following:

		March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Patent and legal costs		$	120			$	21
Accrued compensation			295				325
Warranty costs			51				72
Taxes and other			369				274
Total		$	835			$	692

Changes in our estimated product warranty costs were as follows:

		Three Months Ended March 31,
		2024			2023
Balance, beginning of period		$	72			$	125
Warranty settlements			(42	)			(1	)
Warranty provision			21				(33	)
Balance, end of period		$	51			$	91

8.WARRANTS

On June 29, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Series A Purchase Agreement") with certain directors of the Company and certain accredited and institutional investors (collectively, the "Series A Investors"), pursuant to which it agreed to sell to the Series A Investors in a registered direct offering (the "Series A Offering") (i) an aggregate of 10,000 shares of the Company's newly-designated Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, with par value $0.0001 per share and a stated value of $1,000 per share (the "Series A Preferred Stock"), initially convertible into up to 6,896,553 shares of common stock, at an initial conversion price of $1.45 per share (the "Conversion Price"), and (ii) warrants to acquire up to an aggregate of 6,896,553 shares of Common Stock (the "Series A Warrants").

Each Series A Warrant has an exercise price of $1.45 per share, became exercisable after the date that was six months from the date of issuance and will expire 5years following the date of issuance. The exercise price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment, on a "full ratchet" basis, in the event of any issuances of Common Stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, at a price below the then-applicable exercise price (subject to certain exceptions). The closing of the Series A Offering occurred on July 3, 2023. The aggregate gross proceeds from the Series A Offering were $10,000, of which $7,717 was allocated to the Series A Warrants.

9. LEASES

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The guidance in FASB ASC Topic 842, Leases defines a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment (an identified asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Operating lease right of use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. The Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate. Due to a lack of financing history or ability, the Company uses an estimate of low-grade debt rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank as its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. The ROU asset includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred.

For leases beginning on or after January 1, 2019, lease components are accounted for separately from non-lease components for all asset classes. On January 21, 2023, the Company's lease was amended to extend the expiration date to July 31, 2025. Upon execution of the amendment, which was deemed a lease modification, the Company reassessed the lease liability using the discount rate determined at the modification date and recorded an additional ROU asset for the same amount. The Company's lease contains renewal provisions and escalating rental clauses and generally requires the Company to pay utilities, insurance, taxes and other operating expenses. The renewal provisions of the existing lease agreement were not included in the determination of the operating lease liabilities and the ROU assets. The Company also reassessed the lease classification and concluded that the lease continues to be an operating lease.

Amortization of ROU operating lease assets was $71 and $26 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Operating lease expense for capitalized operating leases included in operating activities was $249 and $49 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Operating lease obligations recorded on the balance sheet at March 31, 2024 are:

Operating lease liability- short term		$	619
Operating lease liability - long term		$	1,708
Total Operating Lease Liability		$	2,327

Future lease payments included in the measurement of lease liabilities on the balance sheet at March 31, 2024 for future periods are as follows:

2024 (9 months)		$	372
2025			567
2026			507
2027			522
2028			538
Thereafter			1,273
Total future minimum lease payments		$	3,779
Less imputed interest		$	(1,452	)
Total		$	2,327

The weighted average remaining lease term is 6.60 years, and the weighted average discount rate is 14.3%.

Certain leases contain provisions for payment of real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance costs by the Company. These expenses are treated as variable lease payments and recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments was incurred. The Company had $9 and $14 variable lease expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

The Company had $11 and $14 short-term lease expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The Company does not have any finance leases.

10.STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

The Company's authorized capital consists of 150,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share ("Preferred Stock"), of which 10,000 are designated as Series A Preferred Stock.

The terms of the Series A Preferred Stock are as set forth in the form of Certificate of Designations of the Series A Preferred Stock (the "Certificate of Designations"), as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 3, 2023. The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into shares of common stock (the "Conversion Shares") at the election of the holder at any time at an initial conversion price of $1.45 per share. The Conversion Price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment in the event of any issuances of common stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for common stock, at a price below the then-applicable Conversion Price (subject to certain exceptions).

The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to dividends of 8% per annum, compounded monthly, which are payable in cash or shares of Common Stock, or a combination thereof, at the Company's option in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designations. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Triggering Event (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), the Series A Preferred Stock will accrue dividends at the rate of 20% per annum. If the Company elects to pay any dividends in shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price used to calculate the number of shares issuable will be equal to the lower of (i) the then-applicable Conversion Price and (ii) 85% of the arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest closing prices of the Common Stock during the twenty (20) consecutive trading day period ending on the trading day immediately preceding the dividend payment date, provided that such price shall not be lower than the lower of (x) $0.2828 (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events ) and (y) 20% of the "Minimum Price" (as defined in Nasdaq Stock Market Rule 5635) on the date of the Nasdaq Stockholder Approval (as defined herein) (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events) or, in any case, such lower amount as permitted, from time to time, by the Nasdaq Stock Market.

The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock have no voting rights, other than with respect to certain matters affecting the rights of the Series A Preferred Stock.

The Company may require holders to convert their shares of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock if the closing price of the Company's Common Stock exceeds $8.00 per share (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events) for 20 consecutive trading days and the daily dollar trading volume of the Common Stock exceeds $2,000,000 per day during the same period, provided that certain equity conditions described in the Certificate of Designations are satisfied.

At any time beginning 18 months from the date of the issuance, provided that that the Company has filed all reports required to be filed by it pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, on a timely basis for a continuous period of one year and provided further that certain equity conditions described in the Certificate of Designations are satisfied, the Company has the right to redeem in cash all or some of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock outstanding at such time at a redemption price equal to the product of (x) 125% multiplied by (y) the sum of (A) the stated value of the Series A Preferred Stock plus (B) all declared and unpaid dividends on such Series A Preferred Stock and any other unpaid amounts then due and payable hereunder with respect to such Series A Preferred Stock, plus (C) the make-whole amount, plus (D) any accrued and unpaid late charges with respect to such stated value and amounts payable pursuant to clause (B) as of such date of determination.

On August 19, 2024, the Company entered into an Amendment Agreement (the "Series A Amendment") with the Required Holders (as defined in the Certificate of Designations). Pursuant to the Series A Amendment, the Required Holders agreed that (A) the unpaid and accrued dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock due July 1, 2024 (the "July Delinquent Dividend Amount"), shall be payable, at the option of the Company, in (i) cash and/or (ii) shares of Common Stock, at a price per share of Common Stock equal to the lower of (x) $1.00 and (y) the Dividend Conversion Price (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), using July 1, 2024, as the applicable date of determination in accordance with the Certificate of Designations; (B) the dividends due on October 1, 2024 (the "October Dividend Amount" and, together with the July Delinquent Dividend Amount, the "Delinquent Dividend Amounts"), shall be payable in shares of Common Stock based on a per share price of Common Stock equal to 80% of the arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest closing sale prices of the Common Stock during the month of September 2024; and (C) such Delinquent Dividend Amounts and any Dividend Balance Shares (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), with respect thereto, if applicable, shall be delivered on October 1, 2024. The Company and the Required Holders further agreed pursuant to the Series A Amendment to amend (i) the Certificate of Designations, as described below, by filing a Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designations (the "Certificate of Amendment") and (ii) the Series A Purchase Agreement to amend the definition of "Excluded Securities."

The Certificate of Amendment amends the Certificate of Designations to, among other things, (A) allow for the payment of dividends in the form of Common Stock to a holder of the Series A Preferred Stock who serves as a director, officer or employee of the Company; provided that such issuance is approved by the Company's stockholders prior to such issuance, and (B) amend certain conditions required for (i) a mandatory conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, and (ii) the Company's right to redeem, all or a portion, of the Series A Preferred Stock outstanding pursuant to an optional redemption, in each case, pursuant to the terms of the Certificate of Designations. The Certificate of Amendment was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August 23, 2024.

At the time of issuance, $2,036 of the net proceeds less transaction cost of the Series A Purchase Agreement was allocated to the 10,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock initially issued. During the three months ended December 31, 2023, 102 shares of the Series A Preferred Stock were converted into 76,440 shares of common stock, and during the three months ended March 31, 2024 an additional 100 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted into 74,484 shares of common stock. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has authorized and declared $189 in dividends of which $60 was accrued in accounts payable as of March 31, 2024.

11.SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

On March 31, 2017, the Company adopted, and the stockholders approved, the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan") authorizing 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance as awards to employees, directors or consultants. In May 2019, the stockholders ratified an increase in the Plan authorizing an additional 2,100,000 shares of Common Stock; in June 2020 ratified an additional 1,900,000 shares of Common Stock; in June 2021 ratified an additional 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock; and in June 2022 ratified an additional 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock; for a total of 9,000,000 shares subject to the Plan. As of March 31, 2024, there were 629,966 shares of Common Stock remaining available for grant under the Plan.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

						Weighted Average
		Options on Common Shares			Exercise Price			Remaining Contractual Term			Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding January 1, 2024			4,657,635			$	2.52				8.75			$	3,979
Granted			535,000			$	3.48				-				-
Exercised			(232,081	)		$	2.53				-				-
Forfeited, cancelled, expired			(132,573	)		$	2.14				-				-
Outstanding March 31, 2024			4,827,981			$	2.64				8.63			$	1,631
Exercisable March 31, 2024			938,138			$	4.41				6.19			$	-

As of March 31, 2024, there were 2,845,417 service-based stock options outstanding, and 1,982,564 performance-based stock options outstanding, of which 692,398 performance-based stock options were granted in April 2022 to the Company's previous Chief Executive Officer and 1,290,166 were granted in October 2023 to the Company's current Chief Executive Officer subject to future market capitalization targets.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of service-based options granted. The following table summarizes the assumptions used to compute the fair value of options granted to employees and non-employees:

		For the Three Months
		Ended March 31,
		2024			2023
Expected stock price volatility			76	%			0	%
Risk-free interest rate			3.89	%			0	%
Expected dividend yield			0	%			0	%
Expected life of options			6.00				0
Weighted-average fair value of options granted		$	2.29			$	0

Estimated volatility is a measure of the amount by which the Company's stock price is expected to fluctuate each year during the expected life of awards. The Company's estimated volatility was based on an average of the historical volatility of peer entities whose stock prices were publicly available. The Company's calculation of estimated volatility is based on historical stock prices of these peer entities over a period equal to the expected life of the awards. The Company uses the historical volatility of peer entities due to the lack of sufficient historical data of its stock price. The Company records forfeitures as they are incurred.

The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates on zero coupon U.S. Treasury bonds whose maturity period is appropriate for the term of the options. The dividend yield of zerois based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and has no present intention to pay cash dividends. The Company calculates the expected life of the options using the Simplified Method for the employee stock options as the Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data.

Stock option expense was $484 and $313 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units

The Plan provides for the grant of restricted stock units ("RSUs"). RSUs are settled in shares of the Company's Common Stock as the RSUs vest. The following table summarizes RSU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

		Service-Based RSU's			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value			Weighted Average Vesting Period (Years)
Unvested at January 1, 2024			810,588			$	1.73				2.52
Granted - service based			686,296			$	2.81				-
Vested			(43,900	)		$	2.96				-
Forfeited and cancelled			(171,855	)		$	2.00				-
Unvested at March 31, 2024			1,281,149			$	2.24				5.01

The Company used the Monte Carlo Simulation Model to value at the grant date the aggregate of 632,911 market condition performance RSUs granted in January 2024 to the Company's Chief Executive Officer. The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo Simulation were stock price on the date of grant of $3.40, a contract term of 10 years, expected volatility of 78% and risk-free interest rate of 4.10%. Vesting is based on sustained market capitalization of $1 billion, and the derived service period is 4.3 years.

RSU expense was $191 and $315 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

The Company recorded share-based compensation for options and RSUs in its statements of operations for the relevant periods as follows:

		Three Months Ended March 31,
		2024			2023
Selling, general and administrative		$	647			$	562
Research and development			28				66
Total share-based expense		$	675			$	628

As of March 31, 2024, total estimated compensation cost of stock options granted and outstanding but not yet vested was $4,409 which is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period of 2.58 years.

As of March 31, 2024, total estimated compensation cost of RSUs granted and outstanding but not yet vested was $2,554 which is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period of 5.01 years.

12.DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLAN

The Company has a defined contribution savings plan for all eligible U.S. employees established under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. This plan was formed on January 1, 2022. Eligible employees may contribute a percentage of their salary subject to certain limitations. The Company's contributions for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $0.

13.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Related Party Technology License Agreement

The Company is obligated to pay royalties and development and patent costs pursuant to the License Agreement dated as of September 30, 2016, with Syzygy, a company owned and controlled by stockholder/consultant Mr. Elwood Norris and stockholder/consultant Mr. James Barnes. The agreement provides for royalty payments of 4% of revenue from products employing the licensed ensnarement device technology up to an aggregate of $1,000 in royalties or until September 30, 2026, whichever occurs earlier. The Company recorded $46 and $24 for royalties during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The maximum payout still available under this arrangement is $35 as of March 31, 2024.

Purchase Commitments

As of March 31, 2024, the Company was committed for approximately $933 for future component deliveries that are generally subject to modification or rescheduling in the normal course of business.

Indemnifications and Guarantees

Our officers and directors are indemnified as to personal liability as provided by the Delaware law and the Company's articles and bylaws. The Company may also undertake indemnification obligations in the ordinary course of business related to its operations. The Company is unable to estimate with any reasonable accuracy the liability that may be incurred pursuant to any such indemnification obligations now or in the future. Because of the uncertainty surrounding these circumstances, the Company's current or future indemnification obligations could range from immaterial to having a material adverse impact on its financial position and its ability to continue in the ordinary course of business. The Company has no liabilities recorded for such indemnities.

Regulatory Agencies

The Company is subject to oversight from regulatory agencies regarding firearms that arise in the ordinary course of its business.

Litigation

The Company is subject to litigation and other claims in the ordinary course of business. The Company records a provision for a liability relating to legal matters when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. These provisions are reviewed and adjusted to include the impacts of negotiations, estimated settlements, legal rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had no provision for liability under existing litigation.

14.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Series A Preferred Stock

On June 29, 2023, the Company entered into the Series A Purchase Agreement with certain investors, including Scot Cohen, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, and V4 Global LLC ("V4"). Mr. Cohen has voting and dispositive control with respect to the securities and is deemed to be the beneficial owner of the securities held by V4. Pursuant to the Series A Purchase Agreement, the Company issued Mr. Cohen and V4 an aggregate of 3,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series A Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,068,966 shares of Common Stock for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,000. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, Mr. Cohen earned dividends totaling $60 from his Series A Preferred Stock.

Consulting Services

Commencing in October 2017, the Company began reimbursing Mr. Elwood Norris, a former officer, current 5% stockholder and consultant of the Company, $1.5 per month on a month-to-month basis for laboratory facility costs which was terminated in January 2024 and $7.5 per month on a month-to month basis for invention consulting services, which was terminated in February 2024 for an aggregate of $15 and $23 during each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company is obligated to pay royalties and development and patent costs pursuant to the License Agreement dated September 30, 2016, with Syzygy, a company owned and controlled by a 5% stockholder of the Company, Mr. Elwood Norris, and a former officer of the Company, Mr. James Barnes. The agreement provides for royalty payments of 4% of revenue from products employing the licensed ensnarement device technology up to an aggregate of $1,000 in royalties or until September 30, 2026, whichever occurs earlier. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred royalties to Syzygy of $46 and $24, respectively.

See Notes 1, 7 and 13 for additional information on related party transactions and obligations.

15.MAJOR CUSTOMERS AND RELATED INFORMATION

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, revenue from onedistributor accounted for approximately 68% of revenue with no other single customer accounting for more than 10% of total revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue from twodistributors accounted for approximately 28% and 15% of revenues, respectively, with no other single customer accounting for more than 10% of total revenue.

At March 31, 2024, accounts receivable from onedistributor accounted for 68% of net accounts receivable, with no other single customer accounting for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance. At December 31, 2023, accounts receivable from onedistributor accounted for 67% of net accounts receivable, with no other single customer accounting for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance.

The following table summarizes revenue by geographic region. Revenue is attributed to countries based on customer's delivery location:

		For the Three Months
		Ended March 31,
		2024			2023
Americas		$	1,463			$	710
Europe, Middle East and Africa			6				1
Asia Pacific			7				0
Total revenues		$	1,476			$	711

16.SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On April 5, 2024, the Board of Directors appointed Mr. Cohen to the position of Interim Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer.

On April 24, 2024, the Company received notice from Rosenberg Rich Baker Berman, P.A. ("RRBB P.A.") that it had resigned as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, effective immediately. The reports of RRBB P.A. on the Company's financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles. During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the subsequent interim period through April 24, 2024, there were no disagreements (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions to Item 304 of Regulation S-K) with RRBB P.A. on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of RRBB P.A., would have caused RRBB P.A. to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreements in connection with its reports on the Company's financial statements for such periods. Also during this time, there were no "reportable events," as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.

On May 7, 2024, Kevin Mullins notified the Company of his intention to resign from his position as President of the Company, effective May 23, 2024. Mr. Mullins' resignation was not the result of any disagreement regarding any matter relating to the Company's operations, policies, or practices.

On May 7, 2024, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company engaged HTL International, LLC ("HTL") as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, effective May 7, 2024. During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, and the subsequent interim period from January 1, 2024 through May 7, 2024, neither the Company nor anyone on its behalf has consulted with HTL regarding (i) the application of accounting principles to any specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company's consolidated financial statements, and neither a written report nor oral advice was provided to the Company that HTL concluded was an important factor considered by the Company in reaching a decision as to any accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue, or (ii) any matter that was either the subject of a "disagreement" as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K, or a "reportable event" as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.

On May 28, 2024, Kevin Mullins tendered his resignation from his role as director of the Company, effective as of May 28, 2024. Mr. Mullins's resignation from the Board of Directors was not in connection with any disagreement between Mr. Mullins and the Company, its management, the Board of Directors or any committee of the Board of Directors on any matter relating to the Company's operations, policies or practices, or any other matter.

Nasdaq Deficiency Notice

On April 18, 2024, the Company received a notice (the "Initial Notice") from the Listing Qualifications Staff of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC ("Nasdaq") notifying the Company that as it has not yet filed its Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "2023 Form 10-K") for the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company is not in compliance with Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) (the "Listing Rule") for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Additionally, on May 17, 2024, the Company received a notice (the "May Notice") from Nasdaq notifying the Company that as it has not yet filed its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Q1 Form 10-Q") for the three months ended March 31, 2024, that the Company is not in compliance with the Listing Rule.

On August 16, 2024, the Company received a notice (the "August Notice," and collectively with the Initial Notice and the May Notice, the "Notices") from Nasdaq notifying the Company that as it has not yet filed its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Q2 Form 10-Q," and collectively with the Q1 Form 10-Q, the "Delinquent Filings") for the three months ended June 30, 2024, that the Company is not in compliance with the Listing Rule for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

The Company previously submitted a plan to Nasdaq to regain compliance with respect to the delinquent 2023 Form 10-K and Q1 Form 10-Q (the "Plan"), and Nasdaq granted an exception until August 30, 2024, to file the delinquent 2023 Form 10-K and Q1 Form 10-Q. On August 28, 2024, the 2023 Form 10-K was filed with the SEC. Nasdaq granted the Company an additional exception of up to a maximum of 180 calendar days from the filing due date of the 2023 Form 10-K to file the Delinquent Filings, or until October 14, 2024, to regain compliance.

The Notices do not have an immediate effect on the listing of the Company's common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The Company is currently evaluating its options for regaining compliance. There can be no assurance that the Company will regain compliance with the Nasdaq's rules or maintain compliance with any of the other Nasdaq continued listing requirements.

Series A Preferred Stock Amendment

On August 19, 2024, the Company entered into the Series A Amendment with the Required Holders. Pursuant to the Series A Amendment, the Required Holders agreed that (A) the July Delinquent Dividend Amount, shall be payable, at the option of the Company, in (i) cash and/or (ii) shares of Common Stock, at a price per share of Common Stock equal to the lower of (x) $1.00 and (y) the Dividend Conversion Price, using July 1, 2024, as the applicable date of determination in accordance with the Certificate of Designations; (B) the October Dividend Amount, shall be payable in shares of Common Stock based on a per share price of Common Stock equal to 80% of the arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest closing sale prices of the Common Stock during the month of September 2024; and (C) such Delinquent Dividend Amounts and any Dividend Balance Shares, with respect thereto, if applicable, shall be delivered on October 1, 2024. The Company and the Required Holders further agreed pursuant to the Series A Amendment to amend (i) the Certificate of Designations, as described below, by filing the Certificate of Amendment and (ii) the Series A Purchase Agreement to amend the definition of "Excluded Securities."

The Certificate of Amendment amends the Certificate of Designations to, among other things, (A) allow for the payment of dividends in the form of Common Stock to a holder of the Series A Preferred Stock who serves as a director, officer or employee of the Company; provided that such issuance is approved by the Company's stockholders prior to such issuance, and (B) amend certain conditions required for (i) a mandatory conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, and (ii) the Company's right to redeem, all or a portion, of the Series A Preferred Stock outstanding pursuant to an optional redemption, in each case, pursuant to the terms of the Certificate of Designations.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the financial statements and other financial information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this "Report") and with our audited financial statements and other information presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the "Annual Report"). This Report may contain or incorporate by reference forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Such forward-looking statements are based upon management's assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events. Except for historical information, the use of predictive, future-tense or forward-looking words such as "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "seek," "estimate," "continue," "may," "will," "could," "would," or the negative or plural of such words and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the only means of identifying forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this Report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), including particularly matters set forth under Part I, Item 1A (Risk Factors) of the Annual Report. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements. For purposes of Management's Discussion and Analysis within this Report, all monetary amounts are stated in thousands except for par values and per share amounts, unless otherwise stated.

Overview

We are a global public safety technology and services company that delivers safe and effective policing solutions to law enforcement and security personnel worldwide. We are leading the movement for safer outcomes by equipping law enforcement with safer, non-painful compliance tools, and immersive training fit for modern society. We began sales of our first public safety product, the BolaWrap 100 remote restraint device, in late 2018. In the first quarter of 2022, we delivered a new generation product, the BolaWrap 150. The BolaWrap 150 is electronically deployed and is more robust, smaller, lighter and simpler to deploy than the BolaWrap 100 that has since been phased out. In late 2020 we added a new solution to our public safety technologies, our virtual reality ("VR") training platform, Wrap Reality, and in August 2023 we acquired Intrensic, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("Intrensic"), which added a Body-Worn Camera ("BWC") and Digital Evidence Management ("DEM") solution to our portfolio of policing solutions. Wrap Reality is now sold to law enforcement agencies for simulation training as well as corrections departments for the societal reentry scenarios.

Our target market for our solutions includes approximately 900,000 full-time sworn law enforcement officers in over 18,000 federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and over 12 million police officers in more than 100 countries. Additionally, we are exploring opportunities in other domestic markets, such as military and private security. Our international focus is on countries with the largest police forces. According to 360iResearch, a market research consulting firm, our non-lethal products are part of a global market segment expected to grow to $16.1 billion by 2027.

We focus our efforts on the following products and services:

BolaWrap Remote Restraint Device - a hand-held remote restraint device that discharges a seven and half-foot Kevlar tether to entangle an individual at a range of 10-25 feet. BolaWrap assists law enforcement to safely and effectively control encounters early without resorting to painful force options.

Wrap Reality - a law enforcement 3D training system employing immersive computer graphics VR with proprietary software-enabled content. It allows up to two participants to enter a simulated training environment simultaneously, and customized weapons controllers enable trainees to engage in strategic decision making along the force continuum. Wrap Reality has 45 scenarios for law enforcement and corrections and 15 scenarios for societal reentry. Wrap Reality is one of the most robust 3D Virtual Reality solutions on the market for law enforcement and societal reentry today.

Wrap Intrensic - a Body-Worn Camera and Digital Evidence Management solutions provider. BWC and DEM play crucial roles in capturing, storing, and managing digital evidence, such as video and audio recordings for various purposes, including criminal investigations and maintaining transparency in public interactions. The Wrap Intrensic X2 camera hardware and storage and data management capability, along with awareness of front-line operations, provides customers with a solution to meet their challenges. Wrap Intrensic Evidence on our cloud-based video storage platform provides an unlimited video storage platform that includes video and other evidence uploading, search, retrieval, redaction, and evidence sharing while reducing the need for resources required to manage this evidence.

In addition to the U.S. law enforcement market, we have shipped our restraint products to 62 countries. We have established an active distributor network representing 50 states and one dealer representing the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico. We have distribution agreements with 35 international distributors covering 75 countries. We focus significant sales, training and business development efforts to support our distribution network in addition to our internal sales team.

We focus significant resources on research and development innovations and continue to enhance our products and plan to introduce new products. We believe we have established a strong brand and market presence globally and have established significant competitive advantages in our markets.

Business Outlook and Challenges

We believe our Company's products and solutions are gaining global recognition and awareness through various channels such as social media, trade shows, and media exposure, among others. In part, this recognition and awareness can be attributed to positive feedback from law enforcement agencies and the successful deployment of our products. As a result, we believe our brand is becoming increasingly recognized on a global scale as a leader in remote restraint and non-lethal solutions.

In addition, we are focused on marketing and public relations efforts. We believe there are market opportunities for our remote restraint and virtual reality solutions in the law enforcement and security sectors worldwide. These opportunities are driven by the increasing demand for less-lethal policing.

In the law enforcement sector, our BolaWrap product has been successfully deployed in the field, as reported by many agencies. BolaWrap is now in use by over 900 U.S. law enforcement agencies and in 62 countries. Due to its safe remote restraint capabilities, some agencies do not deem its usage a categorical reportable use of force and rather place it underneath early use of force such as handcuffs. In our strategic roadmap, we clarified that law enforcement agencies deploy BolaWrap when verbal commands breakdown but long before there is justifiable escalation to pepper spray, pepper ball, batons, bean bags, tasers or Conducted Electrical Weapons (CEW's) or firearms.

Some agencies voluntarily report usage to Wrap but many do not. In the usage reports we have been provided, officers have reported successful outcomes in 84% of the use cases. This percentage is higher than what is often seen with less lethal tools. From the information we have been provided, the most common BolaWrap use case is for individuals with behavioral health issues, and the second most common BolaWrap use case is during domestic violence calls. 26% percent of the reported persons who are wrapped with the BolaWrap are thought to be under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

There are many reasons why we may not receive reports on all the use of the BolaWrap, including, when uses of BolaWrap are considered evidence in ongoing criminal cases, are controlled by local policy or regulation, or require officer and union permission to be shared with us. However, some agencies have shared bodycam footage of successful field deployments with us, which we may use in our training and education efforts. We believe that as the reports of BolaWrap's effectiveness in de-escalation continue to increase, it will contribute to our future revenue growth.

We anticipate and believe that our portfolio of safe, remote restraint products and training services has a strong and expanding pipeline of market opportunities in the law enforcement, military, corrections, and homeland security sectors both domestically and internationally. With the increasing demand for more humane and safer policing practices, we expect a continued surge in our global business. Currently, we are exploring major international business prospects while simultaneously seeking to establish relationships with large police agencies in the U.S. However, we acknowledge that it is challenging to predict the exact timeline for closing these deals, or whether they will ultimately materialize.

Management anticipates that our portfolio of products has a strong and expanding pipeline of market opportunities in the law enforcement, military, corrections, and homeland security sectors both domestically and internationally. With the increasing demand for more humane and safer policing practices, continued need for ongoing training and transparency for police encounters, we expect a continued surge in our global business. Currently, we are exploring major international business prospects while simultaneously seeking to establish relationships with large police agencies in the U.S. However, we acknowledge that it is challenging to predict the exact timeline for closing these deals, or whether they will ultimately materialize.

As part of our efforts to expand our sales and distribution operations, we provide a comprehensive training program for law enforcement officers and trainers in using the BolaWrap. This training equips them with knowledge about the appropriate use and limitations of BolaWrap in tandem with modern policing techniques for de-escalation of encounters. We now focus on also teaching when and why BolaWrap should be used, including the specific area of success, such as after verbal commands break down and before the law enforcement officer is ready to escalate to less lethal pain compliance tools. We believe that law enforcement trainers and officers who have been trained to use our products, or have witnessed demonstrations, are more inclined to support the acquisition and deployment of our products by their respective departments to drive successful outcomes. As of March 31, 2024, over 1,480 agencies have received BolaWrap training with over 5,200 training officers at those agencies certified as BolaWrap instructors and qualified to train the rest of their departments, representing an 11% increase in agencies and a 13% increase in trained officers as compared to March 31, 2023.

Operating expense as of March 31, 2024 increased $363 thousand, or 8%, to $5.0 million from $4.6 million as of March 31, 2023. The increase in operating expense was the result of increased occupancy expenses related to the new the office space and stock based compensation offset by lower research and development costs.

Although geopolitical tensions and macroeconomic challenges have affected our quarterly results in the past and may in the future, we believe our company is uniquely positioned to provide lifesaving technologies and training that enable law enforcement officers worldwide to conduct safe and effective encounters while reducing the use of force. If departments follow our Use of Force Guarantee requirements, we have offered to buy back their BolaWrap devices if their reportable use of force is not reduced by 10%. With an increasing addressable market, the Company offers what we believe is a unique value proposition. Our improved pricing strategy, coupled with reduced operating expenses and our growing sales outlook, is expected to help reduce losses and improve cash flow in the future.

We plan to increase the number of product demonstrations and training sessions, particularly in international markets. Our new focus on the when and why BolaWrap is used has shown improved results. This is a departure from the hardware product only approach of the past. Our sales of the BolaWrap 150 and Wrap Reality are expected to continue to rise, aided by our ongoing cost savings and cost control measures, which we expect to lead to an overall reduction in cash burn.

As of March 31, 2024, we had backlog of approximately $734 thousand which was delivered in the second quarter of 2024. Additionally, as of March 31, 2024, we had deferred revenue of $491 thousand which consisted of $153 thousand related to VR, $212 thousand related to Intrensic, $7 thousand related to training, and $119 thousand related to BolaWrap extended warranties and services. Distributor and customer orders for future deliveries are generally subject to modification, rescheduling or in some instances, cancellation, in the normal course of business.

Since inception, we have generated significant losses from operations and anticipate that we will continue to generate significant losses from operations for the foreseeable future. We believe that we have adequate financial resources to sustain our operations for the twelve months. We recorded net income of $117 thousand during the first quarter of fiscal 2024 as compared to net loss of $4.0 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2023, an improvement of approximately $4.1 million for the comparable period. Net cash used in operations during the three months ended March 31, 2024, was $657 thousand more than net cash used in operations during the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase in net cash used in operations during the first three months of 2024 was primarily driven by a reduction in customer deposits.

We expect that we will continue to innovate new applications for our public safety technology, open new geographies, develop new products and technologies to meet diverse customer requirements and identify and develop new markets for our products.

Supply chain disruptions also affected our operations and could negatively impact our ability to source materials, manufacture and distribute products in the future. Moreover, financial markets continue to experience significant volatility, which could potentially affect our ability to enter into or modify favorable terms and conditions regarding equity and debt financing activities. Nevertheless, we had $8.2 million in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments as of March 31, 2024. We therefore believe we have sufficient capital to fund our operations for the next twelve months. However, we may require additional working capital and liquidity constraints and access to capital markets could still negatively affect our liquidity and may require changes to our plan of operations.

Our Company may be positively or negatively impacted by continued social unrest, protests against racial inequality, and movements like "Defund the Police." Such unrest may be further fueled by misleading information or negative publicity about our solutions. We believe our solutions are the answer to reducing use of force and driving safer outcomes for officers and the citizens they interact with each day. Although the intensity of these events may have subsided, some may still indirectly or directly, influence police agency budgets and the funding available to current and potential customers. In addition, participants in these events may attempt to create the impression that our solutions are contributing to the perceived problems, potentially harming our business and operations, including our revenues, earnings, and cash flows from operations.

Changes in our management and other critical personnel have the potential to positively or negatively affect our business. Such disruptions could have an adverse impact on our operations, programs, growth, financial condition, or results of operations. On the other hand, improvements in our operations, operating expenses, and go-to-market approaches could positively influence the success of our business in the future.

Nasdaq Listing Requirements

On April 18, 2024, the Company received a notice (the "Initial Notice") from the Listing Qualifications Staff of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC ("Nasdaq") notifying the Company that as it has not yet filed its Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "2023 Form 10-K") for the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company is not in compliance with Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) (the "Listing Rule") for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Additionally, on May 17, 2024, the Company received a notice (the "May Notice") from Nasdaq notifying the Company that as it has not yet filed its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Q1 Form 10-Q") for the three months ended March 31, 2024, that the Company is not in compliance with the Listing Rule.

On August 16, 2024, the Company received a notice (the "August Notice," and collectively with the Initial Notice and the May Notice, the "Notices") from Nasdaq notifying the Company that as it has not yet filed its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Q2 Form 10-Q," and collectively with the Q1 Form 10-Q, the "Delinquent Filings") for the three months ended June 30, 2024, that the Company is not in compliance with the Listing Rule for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

The Company previously submitted a plan to Nasdaq to regain compliance with respect to the delinquent 2023 Form 10-K and Q1 Form 10-Q (the "Plan"), and Nasdaq granted an exception until August 30, 2024, to file the delinquent 2023 Form 10-K and Q1 Form 10-Q. On August 28, 2024, the 2023 Form 10-K was filed with the SEC. Nasdaq granted the Company an additional exception of up to a maximum of 180 calendar days from the filing due date of the 2023 Form 10-K to file the Delinquent Filings, or until October 14, 2024, to regain compliance.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expense, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We evaluate our estimates, on an on-going basis, including those estimates related to recognition and measurement of contingencies and accrued expense. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

As part of the process of preparing our financial statements, we are required to estimate our provision for income taxes. Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities, tax contingencies, unrecognized tax benefits, and any required valuation allowance, including taking into consideration the probability of the tax contingencies being incurred. Management assesses this probability based upon information provided by its tax advisers, its legal advisers and similar tax cases. If later our assessment of the probability of these tax contingencies changes, our accrual for such tax uncertainties may increase or decrease. Our effective tax rate for annual and interim reporting periods could be impacted if uncertain tax positions that are not recognized are settled at an amount which differs from our estimates.

Some of our accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. These include share-based compensation and contingencies and areas such as revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventory and intangible assets, estimates of product line exit costs, warranty liabilities and impairments.

Revenue Recognition. We sell our products to customers including law enforcement agencies, domestic distributors and international distributors and revenue from such transactions is recognized in the periods that products are shipped (free on board ("FOB") shipping point) or received by customers (FOB destination), when the fee is fixed or determinable and when collection of resulting receivables is reasonably assured. We identify customer performance obligations, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations and recognize revenue as we satisfy the performance obligations. Our primary performance obligations are products/accessories and VR software licensing or sale. Our customers do not have the right to return product unless the product is found to be defective.

Share-Based Compensation. We follow the fair value recognition provisions issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 718, Stock Compensation ("ASC 718") and we adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-07 for share-based transactions with non-employees. Share-based compensation expense recognized includes stock option and restricted stock unit compensation expense. The grant date fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The grant date is the date at which an employer and employee or non-employee reach a mutual understanding of the key terms and conditions of a share-based payment award. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires inputs including the market price of the Company's Common Stock on the date of grant, the term that the stock options are expected to be outstanding, the implied stock volatilities of several publicly traded peers over the expected term of stock options, risk-free interest rate and expected dividend. Each of these inputs is subjective and generally requires significant judgment to determine. The grant date fair value of restricted stock units is based upon the market price of the Company's Common Stock on the date of the grant. We determine the amount of share-based compensation expense based on awards that we ultimately expect to vest and account for forfeitures as they occur. The fair value of share-based compensation is amortized to compensation expense over the vesting term.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Our products are sold to customers in many different markets and geographic locations. We estimate our bad debt reserve on a case-by-case basis and the aging of accounts due to a limited number of customers mostly government agencies or well-established distributors. We base these estimates on many factors including customer credit worthiness, past transaction history with the customer, current economic industry trends and changes in customer payment terms. Our judgments and estimates regarding collectability of accounts receivable have an impact on our financial statements.

Valuation of Inventory. Our inventory is comprised of raw materials, assemblies and finished products. We must periodically make judgments and estimates regarding the future utility and carrying value of our inventory. The carrying value of our inventory is periodically reviewed and impairments, if any, are recognized when the expected future benefit from our inventory is less than carrying value.

Valuation of Intangible Assets. Intangible assets consisted of (a) capitalized legal fees and filing expense related to obtaining patents and trademarks, (b) customer agreements, tradenames, software, non-solicitation and non-compete agreements acquired in business combinations and valued at fair value at the acquisition date, and (c) the purchase cost of indefinite-lived website domains. We must make judgments and estimates regarding the future utility and carrying value of intangible assets. The carrying values of such assets are periodically reviewed and impairments, if any, are recognized when the expected future benefit to be derived from an individual intangible asset is less than carrying value. This generally could occur when certain assets are no longer consistent with our business strategy and whose expected future value has decreased.

Accrued Expense. We establish a warranty reserve based on anticipated warranty claims at the time product revenue is recognized. This reserve requires us to make estimates regarding the amount and costs of warranty repairs we expect to make over a period of time. Factors affecting warranty reserve levels include the number of units sold, anticipated cost of warranty repairs, and anticipated rates of warranty claims. We have very limited history to make such estimates and warranty estimates have an impact on our financial statements. Warranty expense is recorded in cost of revenue. We evaluate the adequacy of this reserve each reporting period.

We use the recognition criteria of FASB ASC Topic 450-20, Loss Contingencies, to estimate the amount of bonuses when it becomes probable a bonus liability will be incurred and we recognize expense ratably over the service period. We accrue bonus expense each quarter based on estimated year-end results, and then adjust the actual in the fourth quarter based on our final results compared to targets.

Warrants. The Company accounts for warrants as liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant's specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity ("ASC 480") and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company's own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require "net cash settlement" in a circumstance outside of the Company's control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.

Business Combination. The Company accounts for its business combinations under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 805-10, Business Combinations ("ASC 805-10"), which requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including non-controlling interests, are recorded at the date of acquisition at their respective fair values. The estimated fair value of net assets acquired, including the allocation of the fair value to identifiable assets and liabilities, was determined using established valuation techniques. ASC 805-10 also specifies criteria that intangible assets acquired in a business combination must meet to be recognized and reported apart from goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the tangible net assets and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combinations and are expensed as incurred.

The estimated fair value of the acquired intangible assets was determined using a method which reflects the present value of the operating cash flows generated by this asset after taking into account the cost to realize the revenue, and an appropriate discount rate to reflect the time value and risk associated with the invested capital.

Certain adjustments to the assessed fair values of the assets and liabilities made subsequent to the acquisition date, but within the measurement period, which is up to one year, are recorded as adjustments to goodwill. Any adjustments subsequent to the measurement period are recorded in income.

Historically, our assumptions, judgments and estimates relative to our critical accounting policies have not differed materially from actual results. Other than the warrants and business combination described above, there were no significant changes or modification of our critical accounting policies and estimates involving management valuation adjustments affecting our results for the period ended March 31, 2024. Our accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to our audited consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report.

Segment and Related Information

The Company operates as a single segment. The Company's chief operating decision maker is Scot Cohen, the Company's Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, who manages operations for purposes of allocating resources. Refer to Note 15. Major Customers and Related Information, in our financial statements for further discussion.

Operating Expense

Our operating expense includes (i) selling, general and administrative expense, (ii) research and development expense, and in the most recent fiscal quarter, (iii) product line exit expense. Research and development expense is comprised of the costs incurred in performing research and development activities and developing production on our behalf, including compensation and consulting, design and prototype costs, contract services, patent costs and other outside expense. The scope and magnitude of our future research and development expense is difficult to predict at this time and will depend on elections made regarding research projects, staffing levels and outside consulting and contract costs. The future level of selling, general and administrative expense will be dependent on staffing levels, elections regarding expenditures on sales, marketing and customer training, the use of outside resources, public company and regulatory expense, and other factors, some of which are outside of our control.

We expect our operating costs will reduce from the first quarter of 2024 as a result of the changes from ongoing cost containment efforts. We may incur additional non-cash share-based compensation costs depending on future option and restricted stock unit grants that are impacted by stock prices and other valuation factors. Historical expenditures are not indicative of future expenditures.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024, Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 (Unaudited)

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated certain items of our condensed consolidated statement of operations. The financial information and the discussion below should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

		Three Months Ended March 31,			Change
		2024			2023			$			%
		(in thousands, except percentage change)
Revenues:
Product sales		$	1,327			$	616			$	711				115	%
Other revenue			149				95				54				57	%
Total revenues			1,476				711				765				108	%
Cost of revenue			640				359				281				78	%
Gross profit		$	836			$	352			$	484				138	%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative			4,220				3,540				680				19	%
Research and development			755				1,072				(317	)			(30	)%
Total operating expenses			4,975				4,612				363				8	%
Loss from operations		$	(4,139	)		$	(4,260	)		$	121				(3	)%

Revenue

We reported net revenue of $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to $711 thousand for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, a 108% increase over the prior year. International revenue increased from $1 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023, to $13 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024. As expected, the discounts were reduced to $1 thousand for the first three months of 2024 as compared to $22 thousand in the comparable quarter of the prior year reflecting the phasing out of our promotional upgrade offer.

International revenue generally consists of larger orders with the end user being large, centralized government agencies. These orders continue to be lumpy and difficult to predict as to both timing and amount. We believe that revenue during the fiscal year 2024 will increase overall compared to the revenue recorded during 2023 due to growth of domestic sales and anticipated international orders from a robust pipeline, although no assurances can be given.

We incurred product promotional costs of $36 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2024, representing a 33% reduction from the comparable prior year period related primarily to BolaWrap 150 demonstration products and the cost of training products and accessories delivered to law enforcement agencies that were expensed as marketing costs. We are responding to increased demand for training as a result of expanded product and brand awareness and increased successful field use by agencies but due to awareness expect continued reductions in product promotional costs from the prior year.

Gross Profit

Our gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was $836 thousand, or a gross margin of 57%. Our gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was $352 thousand, or a gross margin of 50%. The increase in gross profit represented a 138% increase over the prior year as a result of higher volume of the Bola Wrap 150 product with higher margins as compared to previous production due to design changes and improved pricing.

As our revenue history is limited, historical margins may not accurately reflect future margins. However, we expect higher margins with the production of the BolaWrap 150 compared to previous production due to design changes and improved pricing. Our margins are also subject to variations based on the sales channels and product mix through which our products are sold. At present, our cassettes have lower margins than BolaWrap devices. As we scale cassette production, we will look to reduce our costs and drive higher cassette margins. Cassettes were a total of 15% of our overall revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2024, and will continue to grow as a recurring revenue base as more BolaWrap devices are in the field and the usage of BolaWrap increases due to the need of officers to de-escalate earlier to prevent injuries and use of higher levels of force.

We regularly introduce updates and revisions to our products, which may include changes to raw materials and components, and can impact our product costs. Given our limited experience with warranty costs, our estimated future warranty expense may affect our gross margins.

Our global supply chain has experienced notable component shortages, extended lead times, cost fluctuations, and logistical constraints, all of which have affected our product costs. Although we have seen these supply chain obstacles ease in 2024, we acknowledge that future supplier shortages, quality problems, and logistics delays could impact our production schedules and have a material negative impact on our financial condition, results of operation, and cash flows.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expense of $4.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, increased by $680 thousand, when compared to $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in SG&A expense was primarily the result of increased occupancy expenses related to the new the office space and stock-based compensation.

Share-based compensation costs allocated to SG&A increased to $820 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $562 thousand for the comparable prior year quarter.

Salaries and burden costs of $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, were in line with the comparable period in 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same period during the prior year, we increased professional fees by $94 thousand, while decreasing consulting and contract services fees by $25 thousand. We expect expenditures for SG&A expenses in 2024 to decline in the second half of 2024, as a result of the Company's cost cutting initiatives.

Advertising and promotion costs were $263 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024, or an increase of $100 thousand as compared to $163 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The changes in advertising costs were primarily related to a $120 thousand increase in digital marketing campaigns.

Research and Development Expense

Research and development expense decreased by $317 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024, when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. We incurred a $96 thousand period over period decrease in compensation expense as well as a $38 thousand period over period decrease in share-based compensation expense allocated to research and development expense as a result of reduction of personnel. Outside consulting costs decreased by $120 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024, when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily due to the Company's cost cutting initiatives.

Operating Loss

Loss from operations of $4.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, was a reduction of $121 thousand compared to loss from operations of $4.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily reflecting increased margin from higher sales.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary source of liquidity to date has been funding from our stockholders from the sale of equity securities and the exercise of derivative securities, consisting of options and warrants. We expect our primary source of future liquidity will be from the sale of products, exercise of stock options and warrants and from future equity or debt financings.

We have experienced net losses and negative cash flows from operations since our inception. As of March 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $8.2 million, negative working capital of $736 thousand primarily reflecting the $15.5 million value of the Series A Warrants recorded in connection with the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock in July 2023 and had sustained cumulative losses attributable to stockholders of $98.0 million. Our working capital net of the warrants-short term at March 31, 2024 was $2.6 million less compared to December 31, 2023, as a result of operating losses of $14.8 million as adjusted to exclude the $15.5 million related to the valuation of the Series A Warrants associated with the 2023 Series A Preferred Stock issuance. Our working capital as of March 31, 2024, was negatively affected by the continued operating losses during the prior twelve months. We believe we have sufficient capital to fund our operations for the next twelve months. However, liquidity constraints and access to capital markets could still negatively affect our liquidity and may require changes to our investment strategy.

Capital Requirements

Our future liquidity requirements or future capital needs will depend on, among other things, capital required to introduce new products and the operational staffing and support requirements, as well as the timing and amount of future revenue and product costs. We anticipate that demands for operating and working capital may grow depending on decisions on staffing, development, production, marketing, training and other functions and based on other factors outside of our control, including the timing of receipt of revenue.

Our future capital requirements, cash flows and results of operations could be affected by, and will depend on, many factors, some of which are currently unknown to us, including, among other things:

	●	Any future outbreaks pandemics or contagious diseases or fear of such outbreaks;
	●	Decisions regarding staffing, development, production, marketing and other functions;
	●	The timing and extent of market acceptance of our products;
	●	Costs, timing and outcome of planned production and required customer and regulatory compliance of our products;
	●	Costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting our patent applications and defending any future intellectual property-related claims;
	●	Costs and timing of additional product development;
	●	Costs, timing and outcome of any future warranty claims or litigation against us associated with any of our products;
	●	Ability to collect accounts receivable; and
	●	Timing and costs associated with any new financing.

Principal factors that could affect our ability to obtain cash from external sources including from exercise of outstanding warrants and options include:

●

Volatility in the capital markets; and

●

Market price and trading volume of our Common Stock.

2023 Offering

On June 29, 2023, the Company entered into a Series Purchase Agreement ("Series A Purchase Agreement") with certain accredited investors, including the Company's Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (collectively, the "Series A Investors"), pursuant to which it agreed to sell to the Series A Investors in a registered direct offering (the "Series A Offering") (i) an aggregate of 10,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, initially convertible into up to 6,896,553 shares of the Company's common stock, at an initial conversion price of $1.45 per share, and (ii) warrants (the "Series A Warrants") to acquire up to an aggregate of 6,896,553 shares of Common Stock (the "Series A Warrant Shares"). The conversion price of the Series A Preferred Stock is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment in the event of any issuances of Common Stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, at a price below the then-applicable conversion price (subject to certain exceptions). The closing of the Series A Offering occurred on July 3, 2023. The aggregate gross proceeds from the Series A Offering were $10 million. The Company expects to use the net proceeds from the Series A Offering for general corporate purposes.

The Company engaged Katalyst Securities LLC (the "Placement Agent") to act as exclusive placement agent in connection with the Series A Offering. Pursuant to an Engagement Letter with the Placement Agent, we paid to the Placement Agent or its designees (i) a cash fee equal to 8% of the gross proceeds of the Series A Offering and (ii) warrants to purchase an aggregate of 551,725 shares of Common Stock (equal to 8% of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Series A Preferred Stock sold in the Series A Offering) at an exercise price of $1.45 per share.

Series A Preferred Stock

The terms of the Series A Preferred Stock are as set forth in the form of Certificate of Designations of the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into shares of common stock (the "Conversion Shares") at the election of the holder at any time at an initial conversion price of $1.45 per share (the "Conversion Price"). The Conversion Price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment in the event of any issuances of common stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for common stock, at a price below the then-applicable Conversion Price (subject to certain exceptions).

The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to dividends of 8% per annum, compounded monthly, which are payable in cash or shares of Common Stock, or a combination thereof, at the Company's option in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designations. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Triggering Event (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), the Series A Preferred Stock will accrue dividends at the rate of 20% per annum. If the Company elects to pay any dividends in shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price used to calculate the number of shares issuable will be equal to the lower of (i) the then applicable Conversion Price and (ii) 85% of the arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest closing prices of the Common Stock during the twenty (20) consecutive trading day period ending on the trading day immediately preceding the dividend payment date, provided that such price shall not be lower than the lower of (x) $0.2828 (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events ) and (y) 20% of the "Minimum Price" (as defined in Nasdaq Stock Market Rule 5635) on the date of the Nasdaq Stockholder Approval (as defined herein) (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events) or, in any case, such lower amount as permitted, from time to time, by the Nasdaq Stock Market.

The Company may require holders to convert their Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock if the closing price of the Common Stock exceeds $8.00 per share (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events) for 20 consecutive trading days and the daily dollar trading volume of the Common Stock exceeds $2,000,000 per day during the same period and certain equity conditions described in the Certificate of Designations are satisfied.

At any time beginning 18 months from the date of the issuance, provided that certain equity conditions described in the Certificate of Designations are satisfied, and provided further that the Company has filed all reports required to be filed by it pursuant to the Exchange Act on a timely basis for a continuous period of one year, the Company has the right to redeem in cash all or some of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock outstanding at such time at a redemption price equal to the product of (x) 125% multiplied by (y) the sum of (A) the stated value of the Series A Preferred Stock plus (B) all declared and unpaid dividends on such Series A Preferred Stock and any other unpaid amounts then due and payable hereunder with respect to such Series A Preferred Stock, plus (C) the make-whole amount, plus (D) any accrued and unpaid late charges with respect to such stated value and amounts payable pursuant to clause (B) as of such date of determination.

On August 19, 2024, the Company entered into an Amendment Agreement (the "Series A Amendment") with the Required Holders (as defined in the Certificate of Designations). Pursuant to the Series A Amendment, the Required Holders agreed that (A) the unpaid and accrued dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock due July 1, 2024 (the "July Delinquent Dividend Amount"), shall be payable, at the option of the Company, in (i) cash and/or (ii) shares of Common Stock, at a price per share of Common Stock equal to the lower of (x) $1.00 and (y) the Dividend Conversion Price (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), using July 1, 2024, as the applicable date of determination in accordance with the Certificate of Designations; (B) the dividends due on October 1, 2024 (the "October Dividend Amount" and, together with the July Delinquent Dividend Amount, the "Delinquent Dividend Amounts"), shall be payable in shares of Common Stock based on a per share price of Common Stock equal to 80% of the arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest closing sale prices of the Common Stock during the month of September 2024; and (C) such Delinquent Dividend Amounts and any Dividend Balance Shares (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), with respect thereto, if applicable, shall be delivered on October 1, 2024. The Company and the Required Holders further agreed pursuant to the Series A Amendment to amend (i) the Certificate of Designations, as described below, by filing a Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Designations (the "Certificate of Amendment") and (ii) the Series A Purchase Agreement to amend the definition of "Excluded Securities."

The Certificate of Amendment amends the Certificate of Designations to, among other things, (A) allow for the payment of dividends in the form of Common Stock to a holder of the Series A Preferred Stock who serves as a director, officer or employee of the Company; provided that such issuance is approved by the Company's stockholders prior to such issuance, and (B) amend certain conditions required for (i) a mandatory conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, and (ii) the Company's right to redeem, all or a portion, of the Series A Preferred Stock outstanding pursuant to an optional redemption, in each case, pursuant to the terms of the Certificate of Designations.

There is no established public trading market for the Series A Preferred Stock and we do not intend to list the Series A Preferred Stock on any national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.

Warrants

The Company issued the Series A Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 6,896,553 shares of Common Stock. Each Series A Warrant has an exercise price of $1.45 per share, became exercisable after the date that was six months from the date of issuance and will expire 5 years following the date of issuance. The exercise price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment, on a "full ratchet" basis, in the event of any issuances of Common Stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, at a price below the then-applicable exercise price (subject to certain exceptions).

Nasdaq Stockholder Approval

The Company's ability to issue Conversion Shares and Series A Warrant Shares is subject to certain limitations set forth in the Certificate of Designations. Prior to receiving the Nasdaq Stockholder Approval, such limitations included a limit on the number of shares that may be issued until the time, if any, that the Company's stockholders have approved the issuance of more than 19.99% of the Company's outstanding shares of Common Stock in accordance with the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market (the "Nasdaq Stockholder Approval"). Such Nasdaq Stockholder Approval was received at a special meeting of stockholders held on September 19, 2023.

The Company has not entered into any off-balance sheet financial guarantees or other off-balance sheet commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. The Company has not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to the Company's shares and classified as stockholder's equity or that are not reflected in the Company's financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Furthermore, the Company does not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. The Company does not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or product development services with us.

Cash Flows

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was $3.7 million. The net income of $117 thousand was decreased by non-cash income of $4.2 million related to the change in fair value of warrants and increased by non-cash expense of $1.1 million consisting primarily of share-based compensation expense of $848 thousand. Other major component changes using operating cash included an increase of $584 thousand in inventories and a decrease in accounts receivable of $683 thousand.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in operating activities was $3.1 million. The net loss of $4.0 million was decreased by non-cash expense of $813 thousand consisting primarily of share-based compensation expense of $628 thousand. Other major component changes using operating cash included an increase of $1.65 million in inventories and a net reduction in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $264 thousand. An increase in accounts receivable of $1.69 million reduced the cash used in operating activities.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we had proceeds from maturities of short-term investments of $2.5 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we used $14 thousand of cash for the purchase of property and equipment and invested $66 thousand in patents.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we used $2.6 million of cash to purchase short-term investments and we had proceeds from maturities of short-term investments of $10 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we used $15 thousand of cash for the purchase of property and equipment and invested $131 thousand in patents. We had proceeds from the long-term deposits of $31 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we received $588 thousand in proceeds from the exercise of previously issued stock options and paid $60 thousand in cash dividends on the Company's preferred stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we received $0 in proceeds from the exercise of previously issued stock options.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

Pursuant to that certain exclusive Amended and Restated Intellectual Property License Agreement dated September 30, 2016, by and between the Company and Syzygy Licensing, LLC ("Syzygy"), we are obligated to pay to Syzygy a 4% royalty fee on future product sales up to an aggregate amount of $1.0 million in royalty payments or until September 30, 2026, whichever occurs earlier. We recorded $46 thousand for royalties during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The maximum payout still available under this arrangement is $35 thousand as of March 31, 2024.

In January 2022, we extended our facility lease for three years through July 2025 and we are committed to aggregate lease payments on the facility lease of $126 thousand in 2024 and $75 thousand in 2025.

In September 2023, we committed to a lease of office space in Coconut Grove, Florida in a multi-year term concluding in 2031 which includes aggregate lease payments totaling $3.6 million.

On August 9, 2023, the Company entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Intrensic Purchase Agreement") with certain members of Intrensic, including Kevin Mullins, the Company's former Chief Executive Officer (collectively, "Sellers") and Buford Ortale, as the Seller's representative. Under the terms of the Intrensic Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to purchase, and Sellers agreed to sell, 100% of the membership interests (the "Membership Interests") of Intrensic for the following consideration upon the consummation of the sale of the Membership Interests (the "Intrensic Closing"): (i) $554 thousand in cash, subject to adjustment based upon the outstanding indebtedness of Intrensic and Intrensic's working capital as of the Intrensic Closing; and (ii) 1,250,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company (the "Intrensic Acquisition"). The Intrensic Acquisition closed on August 16, 2023, in accordance with the terms of the Intrensic Purchase Agreement.

As of March 31, 2024, we were committed for approximately $933 thousand for future component deliveries and contract services that are generally subject to modification or rescheduling in the normal course of business.

Effects of Inflation

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, and year ended December 31, 2023, we had experienced increased costs in labor and materials due to inflation. We believe in 2024 that low unemployment and higher salaries will create higher payroll costs and increased operating expense in the business. We have seen increases in costs from multiple suppliers for materials as well as labor.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required under this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed by us under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the required time periods and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2024, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings or be subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of business.

The information set forth in Note 12 Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Management is not aware of any material changes to the risk factors discussed in Part 1, Item 1A, of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part 1, Item 1A, of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and subsequent reports filed pursuant to the Exchange Act which could materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations, and stock price. The risks described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent reports filed pursuant to the Exchange Act are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to management, or that management presently believes not to be material, may also result in material and adverse effects on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no unregistered sales of the Company's equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2024, other than those previously reported in a Current Report on Form 8-K.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

There has been no default in the payment of principal, interest, sinking or purchase fund installment, or any other material default, with respect to any indebtedness of the Company.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number	Description
3.1	Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Designations of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 23, 2024).
10.1	Separation Agreement and Mutual Release of Claims, dated January 5, 2024, by and between Wrap Technologies, Inc. and Chris DeAlmeida (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 5, 2024).
10.2	First Amendment to Employment Agreement, by and between Scot Cohen and Wrap Technologies, Inc. dated January 14, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 19, 2024).
10.3	First Amendment to Employment Agreement, by and between Kevin Mullins and Wrap Technologies, Inc. dated January 14, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 19, 2024).
10.4	Form of Amendment, dated August 19, 2024, by and between Wrap Technologies, Inc. and the investors party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 23, 2024).
31*	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification - Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer.
32**	Section 1350 Certification - Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer.
	Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) Exhibits*
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL Document and include in Exhibit 101)

* Filed concurrently herewith

** Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	Wrap Technologies, Inc.
September 25, 2024	By:	/s/ Scot Cohen
		Scot Cohen Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer and Interim Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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