Can weight loss medications really help you lose weight

AUGUST 28, 2024

Healthy eating and exercise are the most recommended ways to lose weight. But many of us have tried these, over and over again, without lasting success.

Still, we know it's important to lose those extra pounds, both for our physical and mental health.

Medications can help with obesity, but they're not a magic bullet. Some people find them helpful, along with healthy eating and exercise.

It's also important to remember that no one drug works for all people. This is true for many medications that control other health conditions.

What are weight loss medications?

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a few prescription drugs for long-term weight loss use. These drugs are recommended for people who are obese.

People who are overweight and have related health conditions, such as high blood pressure or diabetes, may also be approved to take these medications. Several others are approved only for short-term use over a few months.

Wegovy, also known as semaglutide, was approved by the FDA in 2021. It's a weekly injection used for long-term weight management. It's made by the same company as Ozempic, which also has the same active ingredient semaglutide. However, Wegovy was made for weight loss while Ozempic is meant for people with type 2 diabetes.

Zepbound is another weight loss medication approved by the FDA in 2023. Tirzepatide, the active ingredient in Zepbound, is already approved under the name Mounjaro for adults with type 2 diabetes.

Olistat (also known as Xenical) is meant for short-term use. In studies, it's helped people achieve mild weight loss. Olistat is also approved by the FDA in a lower-dose, over-the-counter option known as Alli.

Contrave is a weight loss medication that is taken by mouth along with a low-fat meal. It should be taken as directed by your health care provider.

Learn if weight loss medications are right for you

See what health experts have to say about Ozempic for weight loss

How do weight loss medications work?

Weight loss medications work in different ways. They often come with several side effects.

Prescription weight loss medications work in one or more of the following ways:

• Decrease appetite
• Increase feelings of fullness
• Interfere with fat absorption
• Target cravings

What's the most effective weight loss medication?

GLP-1 agonists are the most effective medications for weight loss. Current GLP-1 agonists approved for weight loss include Wegovy, Zepbound and Saxenda.

Other medications, such as Ozempic, may be prescribed for weight loss although that's not the intended use. Ozempic, for example, was meant to help people with type 2 diabetes. One of its side effects includes potential weight loss.

While most people may lose weight on these medications, there are other factors at play. These include food intake, how much you exercise and your health status.

If I start weight loss medications, how can I eventually stop using them?

While some people have been helped by weight loss drugs in the short run, the weight tends to return. Some weight loss medications are meant for short-term use only. Others are meant for long-term use. Talk with your health care provider about which type of medication is best for you.

A weight loss medication can help you get closer to your goal weight. But you still need to make sure you establish an exercise routine and healthy eating habits to maintain that weight once you get off a medication.

Are there any over-the-counter weight loss remedies?

Many over-the-counter remedies can have major effects on your health in ways you might not predict. Some simply don't work, despite testimonials from people who may have been paid to participate.

Most over-the counter medications or supplements for weight loss are not recommended. They can lead to serious side effects, even death. Most importantly, always discuss over-the-counter drugs or supplements with your health care provider.

How does exercise fit in with weight loss?

While medications may be part of the answer for some, exercise is beneficial for everyone. It's nearly impossible to maintain weight loss without it. Regardless of your weight, exercise has many other health benefits.

To begin an exercise routine, try the following:

• Set your own goals.
• Start small and work your way up. For example, begin with just 5-10 minutes a day walking around your neighborhood. Eventually, you might work up to a longer walk or add in weight training.
• Aim to exercise 5 days a week.
• To help encourage getting your steps in, wear a fitness tracker to record how many steps you walk each day. You can also aim to stand up for a few minutes every waking hour. Some smartwatches and trackers remind you to stand each hour.
• If you walk 3,000 steps daily, add another 500 steps every week until you reach your goal.
• Don't get discouraged. Once exercise becomes a habit, you'll realize why it's one "pill" you'll want to swallow for the rest of your life.

Check out this simple 8-week exercise plan

What if I'm having trouble losing weight?

Even without losing weight, you can be healthier by being physically active and eating healthy foods. This includes fruits, veggies, whole grains, lean fish, lean meat or tofu, and foods high in calcium. Try to limit eating fried foods.

There are some foods that you love and may not want to give up when you're managing your weight. These may be eaten in limited quantities. For example, a small piece of chocolate can be eaten as a special evening treat, so you're not deprived of your favorite dessert.

Moderation is the key here. Small changes will add up over time. If you want a few chips on occasion, put them in a small bowl instead of taking the whole bag to the couch. This encourages managing portions.

Remember: For any weight-loss plan, it helps to have a support group. Enlist friends and family to help hold you accountable or consider participating in a reputable weight loss program. Maybe they'll even join you on your health journey.

Bottom line, there is no one plan to fit everyone.

Check out our Living Light Living Well classes for weight loss support

This blog was medically reviewed by registered dietitian Marie Barone. She's certified in diabetes and weight management.