Massachusetts Job Openings and Labor Turnover — July 2024

Massachusetts had 176,000 job openings in July 2024, compared to 213,000 openings in June, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. (See table 1.) Regional Commissioner William J. Sibley noted that the job openings rate in Massachusetts was 4.5 percent in July and 5.4 percent in the previous month. (See chart 1 and table 2.) The job openings rate nationally was 4.6 percent in July and 4.8 percent in June. (See table 3.) All data in this release are seasonally adjusted.

The ratio of unemployed persons per job opening in Massachusetts was 0.8 in July. Nationwide, 38 states and the District of Columbia had ratios in July that were lower than the national measure of 0.9 unemployed persons per job opening; 10 states had ratios that were higher than the national ratio, and 2 states had ratios equal to the national measure. (See map 1.)

In July, Massachusetts had 114,000 hires and 110,000 separations, compared to 110,000 hires and 110,000 separations in June. (See chart 2.) Over the 12 months ending in July, hires have averaged 110,000 per month and separations have averaged 98,000 per month. These averages include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

Among the July separations in Massachusetts, 61,000 were quits and 42,000 were layoffs and discharges, compared to 61,000 quits and 39,000 layoffs and discharges in June. (See chart 3.) Over the last 12 months, quits averaged 55,000 per month, ranging from 42,000 to 61,000. Layoffs and discharges have averaged 34,000 per month, ranging from 17,000 to 48,000.

The State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for August 2024 are scheduled to be released on Thursday, October 17, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS program provides information on labor demand and turnover. The state estimates produced by JOLTS are model-based incorporating JOLTS sample, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and Current Employment Statistics (CES) estimates. For more information see the JOLTS State Estimates Methodology.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions:

• A specific position exists and there is work available for that position.
• The job could start within 30 days.
• The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position.

The number of unemployed persons per job opening is a ratio of the level of unemployed persons and the level of job openings. The number of unemployed persons at the national level is an estimate from the Current Population Survey (CPS), while state-level unemployment estimates are modeled by the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program. A ratio of 1.0 means there is a job available for every unemployed person. Lower ratios signal tighter labor markets, where firms have more job openings than there are unemployed persons available to work. Higher ratios indicate there are more unemployed persons competing for each job opening.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations.

• Quits include employees who left voluntarily, except for retirements or transfers to other locations.
• Layoffs and discharges include involuntary separations initiated by the employer.
• Other separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability, and deaths.

Levels and rates of other separations represent a small portion of total separations and are not published with the release of state estimates.

Complete definitions, including exclusions, and additional information about the State JOLTS data presented in this release are available in the State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Technical Note.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Job openings and labor turnover for Massachusetts, seasonally adjusted (in thousands)

Estimate	July 2023	April 2024	May 2024	June 2024	July 2024(p)	Change from June 2024 to July 2024(p)
Openings	230	207	214	213	176	-37
Hires	115	96	100	110	114	4
Total separations	83	80	115	110	110	0
Quits	50	42	60	61	61	0
Layoffs & discharges	30	30	48	39	42	3
Footnotes: (p) Preliminary.

Table 2. Job openings and labor turnover rates for Massachusetts, seasonally adjusted

Estimate	July 2023	April 2024	May 2024	June 2024	July 2024(p)	Change from June 2024 to July 2024(p)
Openings(1)	5.8	5.3	5.4	5.4	4.5	-0.9
Hires(2)	3.1	2.6	2.7	2.9	3.0	0.1
Total separations(3)	2.2	2.1	3.1	2.9	2.9	0.0
Quits(3)	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
Layoffs & discharges(3)	0.8	0.8	1.3	1.0	1.1	0.1
Footnotes: (p) Preliminary. (1) The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100. (2) The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. (3) The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly.

Table 3. Job openings and labor turnover rates for the United States, seasonally adjusted

Estimate	July 2023	April 2024	May 2024	June 2024	July 2024(p)	Change from June 2024 to July 2024(p)
Openings(1)	5.3	4.8	4.9	4.8	4.6	-0.2
Hires(2)	3.7	3.5	3.6	3.3	3.5	0.2
Total separations(3)	3.6	3.4	3.4	3.2	3.4	0.2
Quits(3)	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.1	0.1
Layoffs & discharges(3)	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.1
Footnotes: (p) Preliminary. (1) The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100. (2) The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. (3) The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly.

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