Justice Department Finds Unconstitutional Conditions at Five Texas Juvenile Justice Facilities

The Justice Department announced today its findings that the Texas Juvenile Justice Department (TJJD) is violating the U.S. Constitution, as well as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

"Children are committed to TJJD facilities to receive treatment and rehabilitation so that they may return to their communities as law-abiding, productive citizens," said Assistant Attorney General Kristen Clarke of the Justice Department's Civil Rights Division. "Our investigation showed that, far from achieving those objectives, TJJD engaged in a pattern of abuse, deprivation of essential services and disability-related discrimination that seriously harms children and undermines their rehabilitation. State officials have an obligation to keep these children safe, to teach them, to provide them necessary health services and to treat them fairly, without discrimination. The Justice Department is committed to protecting the rights of vulnerable children in juvenile facilities. We look forward to working with state officials to remedy these violations, institute needed reform and improve outcomes for Texas children."

The department's report details findings from a comprehensive investigation of five TJJD youth facilities, including the Evins Regional Juvenile Center, Gainesville State School, Giddings State School, McClennan County State Juvenile Correctional Facility, and Ron Jackson State Juvenile Correctional Complex. The report concludes that:

• TJJD routinely violates the constitutional rights of children in all five facilities by:
  • Exposing them to excessive force and prolonged isolation;
  • Failing to protect children from sexual abuse; and
  • Failing to provide adequate mental health services.
• TJJD violates the IDEA by failing to provide special education and related services to children with disabilities.
• TJJD discriminates against children with disabilities in violation of the ADA by:
  • Not providing reasonable modifications necessary to permit their participation in programming required for release and
  • Denying them an equal opportunity to benefit from education.

These violations of the Constitution and federal law place children at substantial risk of serious physical and psychological harm and impede successful outcomes for children.

"My office was proud to partner with the Civil Rights Division and with other U.S. Attorneys' Offices in our state on this thorough investigation of the Texas Juvenile Justice Department," said U.S. Attorney Jaime Esparza for the Western District of Texas. "The children in these facilities are uniquely vulnerable to harm and abuse, which hinders their prospects for rehabilitation. They deserve to be protected from harm, to receive adequate mental health care and to receive special education services and reasonable modifications that will give them a chance at productive lives in the community, outside of the walls of these institutions."

"According to our report, TJJD falls short of creating an environment that fosters rehabilitation," said U.S. Attorney Leigha Simonton for the Northern District of Texas. "Instead, some of its personnel engage in the use of excessive force and subject children to prolonged isolation, both of which are damaging. Texans know that this is not how we rehabilitate our children. We look forward to working with the State and TJJD to eliminate these issues going forward. Together, I am confident that we can implement practices that result in a better rehabilitative environment at the TJJD and ensure a pathway for children in their care to grow, heal and reach their full potential."

"The conditions in the facilities are unacceptable," said U.S. Attorney Alamdar S. Hamdani for the Southern District of Texas. "Our investigation found that children in these facilities face sexual abuse by staff and other children. Tragically, this is not the first investigation into allegations of sexual abuse at TJJD facilities. Since the early 2000s, other investigations by Texas state agencies and the Texas Rangers substantiated sexual abuse allegations of the children at TJJD facilities, yet this horrifying problem persists. Working with Texas's other U.S. Attorneys' Offices, the Civil Rights Division and the State of Texas, my office hopes to provide protections to the vulnerable and help right wrongs that have existed for far too long."

"States that receive federal funds to help educate children with disabilities are required to use those funds appropriately for the benefit of these children," said U.S. Attorney Damien M. Diggs for the Eastern District of Texas. "Systematically failing to evaluate children suspected of having disabilities inevitably deprives these children of the special education these funds were meant to provide. Texas received funds under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, but failed to meet their obligation to ensure that children with disabilities would receive adequate education according to their special needs, among other things. Without appropriate services, children with disabilities in Texas juvenile corrections facilities cannot access the general education curriculum, preventing meaningful rehabilitation and progress. We look forward to working with Texas to rectify the issues we identified in our investigation so that these children, through meeting their educational needs, may have a better chance to succeed when they return to our communities."

The Justice Department launched its investigation of TJJD's juvenile justice facilities in October 2021, under the Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act and the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, which authorize the department to address a pattern or practice of deprivation of constitutional and federal rights of children confined to state or local government-run correctional facilities.

The Civil Rights Division's Special Litigation Section and the U.S. Attorneys' Offices in Texas investigated the case.

For more information about the Civil Rights Division and the Special Litigation Section please visit www.justice.gov/crt/special-litigation-section. You can also report civil rights violations to the section by completing the complaint form available at civilrights.justice.gov.

To provide information related to the department's investigation of TJJD's facilities please call 1-866-432-0438 or email at [email protected].

Spanish translation forthcoming. (La traducción al español estará disponible próximamente.)

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