Cultivating resilience and wealth: The role of indigenous trees in Nigeria’s future

15 November 2024

At a recent webinar organized by Images Initiative in collaboration with Carbon Offset Programme - Africa (COP-Africa), Olukunle Olasupo , Field Supervisor at IITA Forest Center , shed light on the untapped potential of Nigeria's indigenous trees. Emphasizing these species' economic and ecological importance, Olasupo encouraged participants to embrace native trees as cultural assets and practical resources for sustainable development.

Olasupo began by highlighting the unique values of several indigenous trees, including the baobab (osé), ogbono, oha, and ukwa. These trees offer more than mere ecological benefits; they are deeply embedded in the cultural identity of local communities. Their use in traditional foods, medicines, and even crafts links them to heritage and economic opportunity, making them invaluable assets to individuals and communities.

He also touched on an innovative potential partnership with the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) involving the tree Voacanga africana, locally known as ako dodo. The tree's roots contain a special alkaloid with properties that could aid drug rehabilitation by positively impacting brain function. This potential collaboration underscores the broader societal benefits of Nigeria's native plants, extending even to public health initiatives.

The nutritional value of indigenous plants was another key point in Olasupo's presentation. He noted that certain native vegetables, such as the worowo, offer nutrients comparable to those found in snails. Local communities can gain economically by promoting these lesser-known yet nutritious plants while fostering dietary diversity.

Olasupo also discussed the larger ecosystem services these trees provide. Indigenous trees act as natural windbreaks, improve soil fertility, and offer habitats for diverse species. Some vegetables even rely on trees for support and shade, illustrating a symbiotic relationship that enhances biodiversity. A single tree can supply the oxygen needs of four people, making it an invaluable asset to human health.

At the heart of Olasupo's message was the idea that trees should be treated as heritage. He urged participants to plant native trees in home gardens, reflecting the IITA Forest Center's reforestation efforts that began 14 years ago near the IITA main lake, now a 12-hectare mini forest home to over 80 native tree species. Through reforestation projects supported by organizations like Nigerian Breweries Plc, TerraFund for AFR100, and the Dangote Foundation, IITA Forest Center has expanded its work beyond its headquarters, proving that dedicated efforts can restore ecosystems and transform landscapes and communities.

Finally, Olasupo encouraged participants to think globally and act locally. He highlighted the economic opportunities in growing local vegetables and warned against the unsustainable practice of cultivating exotic species. The IITA Forest Center also offers training for those interested in learning to propagate native species, underscoring the center's commitment to empowering local communities.

Through his presentation, Olasupo made a compelling case for viewing indigenous trees as a source of wealth and resilience. By investing in these natural assets, Nigeria can foster a sustainable future, promote public health, and create economic opportunities while preserving its rich cultural heritage.

Contributed by Folake Oduntan